Grade 6
  1. Introduction to Chemistry  1.1. What is Chemistry?  1.2. Importance of chemistry in daily life  1.3. Branches of chemistry  1.4. Safety rules in chemistry laboratory  1.5. Common Laboratory Equipment and Their Uses
  2. Matter and its states  2.1. Definition of Matter  2.2. Properties of matter  2.3. States of matter  2.4. Solid state  2.5. Fluid state  2.6. Gaseous state  2.7. Plasma state  2.8. Changes in the states of matter  2.9. Melting and freezing  2.10. Evaporation and Condensation  2.11. Sublimation  2.12. Deposit
  3. Physical and chemical changes  3.1. Definition of Physical Change  3.2. Examples of physical change  3.3. Definition of Chemical Change  3.4. Examples of chemical change  3.5. Difference Between Physical and Chemical Changes  3.6. Indicators of Chemical Change
  4. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures  4.1. Definition of the element  4.2. Classification of elements  4.3. Metals  4.4. Non metallic  4.5. Metalloids  4.6. Noble gases  4.7. Definition of compound  4.8. Properties of Compounds  4.9. Definition of Mixture  4.10. Types of mixtures  4.11. Homogeneous mixture  4.12. Heterogeneous mixtures
  5. Separation of mixtures  5.1. The need for isolation  5.2. Separation methods  5.3. Handpicking and winnowing  5.4. Filtration  5.5. Sedimentation and decantation  5.6. Evaporation  5.7. Crystallization  5.8. Distillation  5.9. Magnetic Separation  5.10. Chromatography
  6. Air and its composition  6.1. Components of air  6.2. Importance of Oxygen  6.3. The importance of nitrogen in the air and its composition  6.4. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere  6.5. The role of water vapor and other gases in air and its composition  6.6. Properties of Air  6.7. Uses of air  6.8. Air pollution and its effects
  7. Water and its properties  7.1. Importance of Water  7.2. Sources of water  7.3. Properties of water  7.4. Water as the universal solvent  7.5. Water Purification  7.6. Water purification methods (boiling, filtration, chlorination)  7.7. Water cycle  7.8. Water conservation  7.9. Water pollution and its effects
  8. Acids, Bases and Salts  8.1. Definition of Acid  8.2. Properties of Acids  8.3. Examples of Acids  8.4. Definition of Bases  8.5. Properties of bases  8.6. Examples of Bases  8.7. Definition of Salt  8.8. Neutralization reaction  8.9. pH Scale and Indicators  8.10. Uses of Acids, Bases and Salts
  9. Introduction to the Periodic Table  9.1. History of the Periodic Table  9.2. Arrangement of elements in the periodic table  9.3. Groups and periods  9.4. Importance of periodic table  9.5. First 10 elements and their symbols
  10. Metals and Nonmetals  10.1. Properties of Metals  10.2. Properties of Non-Metals  10.3. Difference Between Metals and Nonmetals  10.4. Uses of metals and nonmetals  10.5. Corrosion of metals and its prevention
  11. chemical reactions  11.1. Introduction to Chemical Reactions  11.2. Types of Chemical Reactions  11.3. combustion reaction  11.4. Oxidation and Reduction  11.5. Simple chemical equations  11.6. Rusting of iron
  12. Fuel and energy  12.1. Types of fuel  12.2. Fossil fuels  12.3. Renewable and non-renewable sources of energy  12.4. Energy Conservation  12.5. Alternative sources of energy (solar, wind, hydropower)
  13. Plastic and fiber  13.1. Natural and synthetic fibers  13.2. Properties of plastics  13.3. Advantages and disadvantages of plastic  13.4. Recycling of plastic  13.5. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials

Grade 6 → Introduction to the Periodic Table ↓


First 10 elements and their symbols


Introduction

The periodic table is like a map that shows us the elements. An element is a basic substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Elements make up everything in the world around us. Each element has a symbol, usually one or two letters. Let's explore the first ten elements of the periodic table and learn about their symbols!

1. Hydrogen (H)

Hydrogen is the first and smallest element on the periodic table. It has only one proton in its nucleus. Hydrogen's symbol is H. It is the most abundant element in the universe, found in water and many other compounds.

H

2. Helium (He)

Helium is second on the list and has the symbol He. Helium is a noble gas, meaning it is very stable and does not easily react with other elements. You may know helium as the gas used in balloons to help them float.

He

3. Lithium (Li)

The symbol for lithium is Li. It's a soft, silvery metal and is used in rechargeable batteries, like the ones in our phones and laptops.

Li

4. Beryllium (Be)

The symbol for this element is Be. Beryllium is a hard metal that is used to make aerospace components due to its light weight and high hardness.

Be

5. Boron (B)

Boron is represented by the symbol B. It is a metalloid, which means it has properties of both metals and nonmetals. Boron is used in detergents and as a semiconductor in electronics.

B

6. Carbon (C)

The symbol for carbon is C. Carbon is considered the basis of life. It is found in all living organisms. Diamonds and graphite are both forms of carbon, showing how versatile this element is.

C

7. Nitrogen (N)

The symbol for nitrogen is N. It makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere and is essential for living organisms because it is a major component of DNA and proteins.

N

8. Oxygen (O)

Oxygen is vital to life and its symbol is O. We breathe it in and it is part of water (H2O). Oxygen is essential for the process of respiration in living organisms.

O

9. Fluorine (F)

With the symbol F, fluorine is a highly reactive, pale yellow gas. It is used in toothpaste and drinking water to help prevent tooth decay.

F

10. Neon (Ne)

Neon is last on our list of the first ten elements, with the symbol Ne. Neon is a noble gas best known for its use in neon signs, which light up bright colors when electricity is passed through them.

Ne

Conclusion

The first ten elements of the periodic table form the basis for understanding chemistry. Each of these elements has its own unique properties and uses that are important in everyday life. Memorizing their symbols is like learning their secret names, which can help us understand the language of chemistry. As we explore more elements and the periodic table, we can learn more about the world and everything in it!


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First 10 elements and their symbols

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