Grade 8
  1. Introduction to Chemistry  1.1. Nature and scope of chemistry  1.2. Importance of chemistry in daily life  1.3. Chemistry and its relation with other sciences  1.4. The role of chemistry in industry, medicine and the environment  1.5. Scientific investigation and experimental methods in chemistry
  2. Matter and its properties  2.1. Definition and classification of matter  2.2. Physical and chemical properties of matter  2.3. Law of conservation of matter  2.4. Extensive and Intensive Properties of Matter  2.5. Kinetic molecular theory of matter  2.6. States of matter: solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, and Bose-Einstein condensates  2.7. Changes in state and energy are involved  2.8. Diffusion and Brownian motion
  3. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures  3.1. Definition and differences between elements, compounds, and mixtures  3.2. Atomic Structure and Atomic Number  3.3. Chemical symbols and formulas  3.4. Trends in the Periodic Table (Groups and Periods)  3.5. Classification of Elements: Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids  3.6. Rare Earth Elements and Transition Metals  3.7. Types of mixtures: homogeneous and heterogeneous  3.8. Separation of Mixtures Using Physical and Chemical Methods
  4. Separation Techniques  4.1. Filtration, Sedimentation and Decantation  4.2. Evaporation and crystallization  4.3. Distillation and Fractional Distillation  4.4. Chromatography and its applications  4.5. Sublimation in the purification of compounds  4.6. The role of centrifugation in biochemical processes
  5. Atomic Structure  5.1. Dalton's atomic theory  5.2. Structure of the atom: protons, neutrons and electrons  5.3. Bohr's atomic model  5.4. Introduction to Quantum Mechanical Model  5.5. Electron Configuration and Energy Levels  5.6. Excitation and emission spectra  5.7. Isotopes and their applications
  6. Periodic Table and Chemical Trends  6.1. History and Development of the Periodic Table  6.2. Modern periodic law  6.3. Periodicity and trends in atomic and ionic sizes  6.4. Ionization Energy, Electron Affinity and Electronegativity  6.5. Introduction to Lanthanides and Actinides  6.6. Application of periodic trends in chemistry
  7. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure  7.1. Types of chemical bonds: ionic, covalent and metallic bonds  7.3. Polar and Nonpolar Molecules  7.4. Hydrogen bonding and its applications  7.5. Intermolecular forces: dipole-dipole, London dispersion force
  8. Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry  8.1. Chemical Equations and Balance  8.2. Types of Chemical Reactions: Combination, Decomposition, Displacement and Redox  8.3. Introduction to stoichiometry and the mole concept  8.4. Limiting reactant in chemical equations  8.5. Reaction rate, catalyst, and factors affecting reaction rate
  9. Acids, Bases and Salts  9.1. Definition and Properties of Acids and Bases  9.2. Strong vs. Weak Acids and Bases  9.3. pH Scale and pH Calculation  9.4. Neutralization reactions  9.5. Buffer solutions and their importance  9.6. Applications of Acids, Bases and Salts in Daily Life
  10. Solutions and Solubility  10.1. Definition of Solution, Solute, and Solvent  10.2. Factors Affecting Solubility  10.3. Concentration units: molarity and molality  10.4. Saturated, unsaturated and supersaturated solutions  10.5. Concept of osmosis and reverse osmosis  10.6. Concentrative properties of solutions
  11. Gases and Gas Laws  11.1. Properties of gases  11.2. Introduction to Ideal and Real Gases  11.3. Boyle's Law, Charles' Law and Avogadro's Law  11.4. Ideal Gas Equation and Its Applications  11.5. Application of Gas Laws in Real Life
  12. Thermochemistry and energy transformation  12.1. Energy in Chemical Reactions  12.2. Exothermic vs. Endothermic Reactions  12.3. Heat and Enthalpy Changes  12.4. Calorimetry and heat transfer in reactions
  13. Metals and Nonmetals  13.1. Physical and Chemical Properties of Metals and Nonmetals  13.2. Reactivity Series of Metals  13.3. Corrosion and its prevention  13.4. Extraction of metals from ores  13.5. Uses of metals and non-metals in daily life
  14. Introduction to Organic Chemistry  14.1. Characteristics of carbon and organic compounds  14.2. Functional groups and their importance  14.3. Simple Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, Alkenes and Alkynes  14.4. Isomerism in organic compounds  14.5. Introduction to polymers and their uses
  15. Environmental Chemistry and Sustainability  15.1. Green Chemistry Principles  15.2. Effects of Chemical Pollution on Ecosystems  15.3. Acid rain and its effects  15.4. Ozone layer depletion and global warming  15.5. Waste Management and Recycling in Chemistry

Grade 8 → Acids, Bases and Salts ↓


Applications of Acids, Bases and Salts in Daily Life


Acids, bases, and salts play important roles in our daily lives. You may not realize it, but they are everywhere! They have countless applications, from the food we eat to the cleaning products we use. This lesson will explain these applications in an easy to understand way by covering their use in food, personal care, agriculture, cleaning, industrial processes, and medicine.

Acids in everyday life

1. Food and drink

Acids are commonly found in both food and beverages. They enhance flavor and preserve food.

Citrus fruits: Oranges, lemons and limes contain citric acid. This is what gives these fruits their sour taste.

citric acid

Vinegar: It contains acetic acid, which is used in making salad dressings and pickles.

acetic acid

2. Personal care products

Many personal care products contain acids to improve appearance and health.

Shampoo: Some shampoos contain acids like salicylic acid that help combat dandruff. This acid helps remove excess dead skin cells.

Skin care products: Acids such as alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) help exfoliate the skin, reducing wrinkles and fine lines.

3. Cleaning agents

Acids are effective at cleaning and removing tough stains.

Toilet cleaner: Often contains hydrochloric acid to remove dirt and stains.

Bases in daily life

1. Cleaning products

Alkalis are important in the manufacture of household cleaning agents.

Laundry detergent: Contains an alkali such as sodium carbonate that enhances cleaning by softening water and breaking down oils.

sodium carbonate

2. Baking and cooking

Bases are used in baking and other cooking processes.

Baking soda: Baking soda, chemically known as sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), helps baked goods rise by reacting with acids to release carbon dioxide.

baking soda

3. Antacid medicines

Bases are essential in the making of antacid medicines that help neutralise excess acid in the stomach.

Magnesium hydroxide: Common in antacid preparations because it balances stomach acidity.

Salt in everyday life

1. Food seasoning

Salt plays a very important role in flavouring and preserving food. They enhance the taste and increase the shelf life of food.

Table salt: Made from sodium chloride (NaCl) this salt is universally used for seasoning.

sodium chloride

2. Water softening

The salts help soften hard water, which can extend the life of plumbing and appliances.

Calcium and magnesium salts: These ions are replaced by sodium ions through the ion exchange process during water softening.

3. Agricultural use

Various salts are used in agriculture to enrich the soil and protect plants.

Ammonium nitrate: Used as a fertilizer. It provides useful nitrogen to plants, thereby increasing growth.

Conclusion

Acids, bases, and salts have a variety of applications that range from simple household tasks to complex industrial processes. Understanding how these chemicals work can enrich our understanding of everyday products and processes, and this knowledge can be applied to make better choices in our daily lives.


Grade 8 → 9.6


U
username
0%
completed in Grade 8

← Prev (9.5)
Buffer solutions and their importance
Next (10) →
Solutions and Solubility

Comments 



Applications of Acids, Bases and Salts in Daily Life

https://www.chemistryelite.com/g8/9.6?ceal=en